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By Dr DF Duvenhage
Introduction
Membrane technology involves using semi-permeable membranes to separate or purify components of a fluid mixture by selectively allowing specific molecules or ions to pass through while blocking others [1]. These membranes act as barriers that separate different contaminants out from the water based mainly on their size. This technology has revolutionized water treatment processes across various industries, particularly mining, where the demand for efficient and effective water management is paramount.
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